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Bagci, S.; Sabir, H.; Muller, A.; Reiter, R.J. |
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Title |
Effects of altered photoperiod due to COVID-19 lockdown on pregnant women and their fetuses |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
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in press |
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in press |
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Keywords |
Human Health; Covid-19; circadian disruption; fetus; lockdown; melatonin; pregnant Women |
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Abstract |
Maternal circadian rhythms provide highly important input into the entrainment and programming of fetal and newborn circadian rhythms. The light-dark cycle is an important regulator of the internal biological clock. Even though pregnant women spend a greater part of the day at home during the latter stages of pregnancy, natural light exposure is crucial for the fetus. The current recommended COVID-19 lockdown might dramatically alter normal environmental lighting conditions of pregnant women, resulting in exposure to extremely low levels of natural daylight and high-intensity artificial light sources during both day and night. This article summarizes the potential effects on pregnant woman and their fetuses due to prolonged exposure to altered photoperiod and as consequence altered circadian system, known as chronodisruption, that may result from the COVID-19 lockdown. |
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Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas, USA |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:32519912 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3007 |
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Author |
Moore-Ede, M.; Heitmann, A.; Guttkuhn, R. |
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Title |
Circadian Potency Spectrum with Extended Exposure to Polychromatic White LED Light under Workplace Conditions |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Biological Rhythms |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Biol Rhythms |
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Volume |
in press |
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in press |
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Keywords |
Human Health; circadian; human; light spectrum; melatonin; spectral sensitivity |
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Electric light has enabled humans to conquer the night, but light exposure at night can disrupt the circadian timing system and is associated with a diverse range of health disorders. To provide adequate lighting for visual tasks without disrupting the human circadian timing system, a precise definition of circadian spectral sensitivity is required. Prior attempts to define the circadian spectral sensitivity curve have used short (</=90-min) monochromatic light exposures in dark-adapted human subjects or in vitro dark-adapted isolated retina or melanopsin. Several lines of evidence suggest that these dark-adapted circadian spectral sensitivity curves, in addition to 430- to 499-nm (blue) wavelength sensitivity, may include transient 400- to 429-nm (violet) and 500- to 560-nm (green) components mediated by cone- and rod-originated extrinsic inputs to intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), which decay over the first 2 h of extended light exposure. To test the hypothesis that the human circadian spectral sensitivity in light-adapted conditions may have a narrower, predominantly blue, sensitivity, we used 12-h continuous exposures of light-adapted healthy human subjects to 6 polychromatic white light-emitting diode (LED) light sources with diverse spectral power distributions at recommended workplace levels of illumination (540 lux) to determine their effect on the area under curve of the overnight (2000-0800 h) salivary melatonin. We derived a narrow steady-state human Circadian Potency spectral sensitivity curve with a peak at 477 nm and a full-width half-maximum of 438 to 493 nm. This light-adapted Circadian Potency spectral sensitivity permits the development of spectrally engineered LED light sources to minimize circadian disruption and address the health risks of light exposure at night in our 24/7 society, by alternating between daytime circadian stimulatory white light spectra and nocturnal circadian protective white light spectra. |
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Data Analytics Department, Circadian Technologies, Inc., Stoneham, Massachusetts |
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0748-7304 |
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PMID:32539484 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3010 |
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Author |
LeGates, T.A.; Kvarta, M.D. |
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Title |
Illuminating a path from light to depression |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Nature Neuroscience |
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Nat Neurosci |
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in press |
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Commentary; Animals; Human Health |
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Our light environment can strongly influence our mental health. Kai An and colleagues dissect the neuronal circuit mediating depression-related behaviors induced by mistimed light input in mice, implicating the nucleus accumbens as the downstream target of the neural pathway between intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and the perihabenular nucleus. |
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Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA |
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1097-6256 |
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PMID:32555525 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3015 |
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Author |
Behn, C.; De Gregorio, N. |
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Title |
Melatonin Relations with Energy Metabolism as Possibly Involved in Fatal Mountain Road Traffic Accidents |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Mol Sci |
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21 |
Issue |
6 |
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Review; Human Health; dysrhythmia; melatonin; mountain road death |
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Previous results evidenced acute exposure to high altitude (HA) weakening the relation between daily melatonin cycle and the respiratory quotient. This review deals with the threat extreme environments pose on body time order, particularly concerning energy metabolism. Working at HA, at poles, or in space challenge our ancestral inborn body timing system. This conflict may also mark many aspects of our current lifestyle, involving shift work, rapid time zone crossing, and even prolonged office work in closed buildings. Misalignments between external and internal rhythms, in the short term, traduce into risk of mental and physical performance shortfalls, mood changes, quarrels, drug and alcohol abuse, failure to accomplish with the mission and, finally, high rates of fatal accidents. Relations of melatonin with energy metabolism being altered under a condition of hypoxia focused our attention on interactions of the indoleamine with redox state, as well as, with autonomic regulations. Individual tolerance/susceptibility to such interactions may hint at adequately dealing with body timing disorders under extreme conditions. |
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Laboratory of Extreme Environments, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile |
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1422-0067 |
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PMID:32235717; PMCID:PMC7139848 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
3016 |
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Author |
Rabin, J.; Cha, C.; Nguyen, M.; Renteria, L.; Abebe, F.; Wastani, A. |
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Title |
Cool (blue) vs. warm (yellow) displays enhance visual function |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Eye (London, England) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eye (Lond) |
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Volume |
in press |
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Keywords |
Human Health |
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Abstract |
Displays emitting substantial blue light (phones, tablets, computers) can produce eyestrain (computer vision syndrome: CVS) [1, 2]. Yet findings have been challenged [3]. A metric to assess CVS is the highest detectable flicker rate (CFF). We compared the short-term effects of bluish (“cool”) vs. yellowish (“warm”) displays on high temporal frequency contrast sensitivity (TCS), which relates directly to the CFF. |
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University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA |
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0950-222X |
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PMID:32029916 |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3020 |
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