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Author |
Yao, Q.; Wang, H.; Uttley, J.; Zhuang, X. |
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Title |
Illuminance Reconstruction of Road Lighting in Urban Areas for Efficient and Healthy Lighting Performance Evaluation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication  |
Applied Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Applied Sciences |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1646 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation; Lighting; Planning |
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Abstract |
Big lighting data are required for evaluation of lighting performance and impacts on human beings, environment, and ecology for smart urban lighting. However, traditional approaches of measuring road lighting cannot achieve this aim. We propose a rule-of-thumb model approach based on some feature points to reconstruct road lighting in urban areas. We validated the reconstructed illuminance with both software simulated and real road lighting scenes, and the average error is between 6 and 19%. This precision is acceptable in practical applications. Using this approach, we reconstructed the illuminance of three real road lighting environments in a block and further estimated the mesopic luminance and melanopic illuminance performance. In the future, by virtue of Geographic Information System technology, the approach may provide big lighting data for evaluation and analysis, and help build smarter urban lighting. |
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2076-3417 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2003 |
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Author |
Gaydecki, P. |
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Title |
Automated moth flight analysis in the vicinity of artificial light |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Bulletin of Entomological Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull Entomol Res |
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Volume |
109 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
127-140 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation; Animals |
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Abstract |
Instrumentation and software for the automated analysis of insect flight trajectories is described, intended for quantifying the behavioural dynamics of moths in the vicinity of artificial light. For its time, this moth imaging system was relatively advanced and revealed hitherto undocumented insights into moth flight behaviour. The illumination source comprised a 125 W mercury vapour light, operating in the visible and near ultraviolet wavelengths, mounted on top of a mobile telescopic mast at heights of 5 and 7.1 m, depending upon the experiment. Moths were imaged in early September, at night and in field conditions, using a ground level video camera with associated optics including a heated steering mirror, wide angle lens and an electronic image intensifier. Moth flight coordinates were recorded at a rate of 50 images per second (fields) and transferred to a computer using a light pen (the only non-automated operation in the processing sequence). Software extracted ground speed vectors and, by instantaneous subtraction of wind speed data supplied by fast-response anemometers, the airspeed vectors. Accumulated density profiles of the track data revealed that moths spend most of their time at a radius of between 40 and 50 cm from the source, and rarely fly directly above it, from close range. Furthermore, the proportion of insects caught by the trap as a proportion of the number influenced by the light (and within the field of view of the camera) was very low; of 1600 individual tracks recorded over five nights, a total of only 12 were caught. Although trap efficiency is strongly dependent on trap height, time of night, season, moonlight and weather, the data analysis confirmed that moths do not exhibit straightforward positive phototaxis. In general, trajectory patterns become more complex with reduced distance from the illumination, with higher recorded values of speeds and angular velocities. However, these characteristics are further qualified by the direction of travel of the insect; the highest accelerations tended to occur when the insect was at close range, but moving away from the source. Rather than manifesting a simple positive phototaxis, the trajectories were suggestive of disorientation. Based on the data and the complex behavioural response, mathematical models were developed that described ideal density distribution in calm air and light wind speed conditions. The models did not offer a physiological hypothesis regarding the behavioural changes, but rather were tools for quantification and prediction. Since the time that the system was developed, instrumentation, computers and software have advanced considerably, allowing much more to be achieved at a small fraction of the original cost. Nevertheless, the analytical tools remain useful for automated trajectory analysis of airborne insects. |
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School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester,Manchester M13 9PL,UK |
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0007-4853 |
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PMID:29745349 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1895 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Holker, F. |
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Window illumination should be expected to poorly correlate with satellite brightness measurements |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Chronobiology International |
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Chronobiol Int |
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29 |
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1 |
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87-8 |
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Commentary; Instrumentation; Human Health |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:22217106 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2533 |
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Author |
Nievas Rosillo, M. |
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Title |
Absolute photometry and Night Sky Brightness with all-sky cameras |
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Report |
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2013 |
Publication |
e-prints Complutense |
Abbreviated Journal |
e-prints Complutense |
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24626 |
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Instrumentation; skyglow; measurement; modeling |
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All-sky cameras have proven to be powerful tools to continuously monitoring the sky in a wide range of fields in both Astrophysics and Meteorology. In this work, we have developed a complete software pipeline to analyze the night CCD images obtained with one of such systems. This let us to study typical parameters used in Astrophysics to characterize the night sky quality, such as the Sky Brightness, the Cloud Coverage and the Atmospheric Extinction, how they evolve over the time and their variability. Using our software, we analyzed a large set of data from AstMon-OT all-sky camera at Teide Observatory. Results from this work have been applied in the support to the spanish CTA site proposal at Izaña, Tenerife and are being discussed within the CTA consortium. A comparison with data from other devices that have been used in site characterization such as the IAC80 telescope is also presented. This comparison is used to validate the results of the analysis of all-sky images. Finally, we test our software with AstMon-UCM and DSLR cameras. Some general recommendations for the use of DSLR cameras are provided. |
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Departamento de Astrofísica y Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain |
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Master's thesis |
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Madrid |
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English |
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English |
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e-prints Complutense |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
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1437 |
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Author |
Pun, C.S.J.; So, C.W. |
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Title |
Night-sky brightness monitoring in Hong Kong: a city-wide light pollution assessment |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Monit Assess |
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Volume |
184 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
2537-2557 |
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*Cities; Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation/*methods; *Environmental Pollution; Hong Kong; Humans; *Light |
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Abstract |
Results of the first comprehensive light pollution survey in Hong Kong are presented. The night-sky brightness was measured and monitored around the city using a portable light-sensing device called the Sky Quality Meter over a 15-month period beginning in March 2008. A total of 1,957 data sets were taken at 199 distinct locations, including urban and rural sites covering all 18 Administrative Districts of Hong Kong. The survey shows that the environmental light pollution problem in Hong Kong is severe-the urban night skies (sky brightness at 15.0 mag arcsec(- 2)) are on average ~ 100 times brighter than at the darkest rural sites (20.1 mag arcsec(- 2)), indicating that the high lighting densities in the densely populated residential and commercial areas lead to light pollution. In the worst polluted urban location studied, the night-sky at 13.2 mag arcsec(- 2) can be over 500 times brighter than the darkest sites in Hong Kong. The observed night-sky brightness is found to be affected by human factors such as land utilization and population density of the observation sites, together with meteorological and/or environmental factors. Moreover, earlier night skies (at 9:30 p.m. local time) are generally brighter than later time (at 11:30 p.m.), which can be attributed to some public and commercial lightings being turned off later at night. On the other hand, no concrete relationship between the observed sky brightness and air pollutant concentrations could be established with the limited survey sampling. Results from this survey will serve as an important database for the public to assess whether new rules and regulations are necessary to control the use of outdoor lightings in Hong Kong. |
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Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China. jcspun@hku.hk |
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0167-6369 |
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PMID:21713499 |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
258 |
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