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Bará, S. |
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Title |
Naked-eye astronomy: optics of the starry night skies |
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2014 |
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Proc. SPIE 9289, 12th Education and Training in Optics and Photonics Conference, 2014 |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE 9289 |
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9289 |
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Keywords |
Society; light pollution |
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The world at night offers a wealth of stimuli and opportunities as a resource for Optics education, at all age levels and from any (formal, non formal or informal) perspective. The starry sky and the urban nightscape provide a unique combination of pointlike sources with extremely different emission spectra and brightness levels on a generally darker, locally homogeneous background. This fact, combined with the particular characteristics of the human visual system under mesopic and scotopic conditions, provides a perfect setting for experiencing first-hand different optical phenomena of increasing levels of complexity: from the eye's point spread function to the luminance contrast threshold for source detection, from basic diffraction patterns to the intricate irradiance fluctuations due to atmospheric turbulence. Looking at the nightscape is also a perfect occasion to raise awareness on the increasing levels of light pollution associated to the misuse of public and private artificial light at night, to promote a sustainable use of lighting, and to take part in worldwide citizen science campaigns. Last but not least, night sky observing activities can be planned and developed following a very flexible schedule, allowing individual students to carry them out from home and sharing the results in the classroom as well as organizing social events and night star parties with the active engagement of families and groups of the local community. This contribution describes these possibilities and introduces some of the free resources available to put them in practice. |
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Univ. de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; salva.bara@usc.es |
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SPIE |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1134 |
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Author |
Bará, S. |
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Title |
Light pollution: Why should we care? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Second International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics Manuel Filipe P. C. Martins Costa; Rogério Nunes Nogueira Aveiro, Portugal, 2014 |
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Proc. SPIE 9286 |
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9286 |
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Society; light pollution |
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The historical development of lighting technologies has been characterized by what evolution theorists call 'punctuated equilibrium': a succession of long periods of stable development followed by short periods of rapid change when key technological breakthroughs give rise to new lighting paradigms. Nowadays with the massive deployment of LED-based solid state lighting systems the illumination field is undergoing one of such accelerated transformation events. In parallel, a growing body of research has unveiled some of the complex interactions between the daily cycles of light and darkness and the regulating mechanisms of individuals, populations and ecosystems, including humans. This communication addresses some of the challenges that this new situation poses for the development of sustainable lighting systems. |
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Univ. de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; salva.bara@usc.es |
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SPIE |
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English |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1133 |
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Author |
Bará, S. |
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Title |
Light pollution and solid-state lighting: reducing the carbon dioxide footprint is not enough |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
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Proc. SPIE 8785, 8th Iberoamerican Optics Meeting and 11th Latin American Meeting on Optics, Lasers, and Applications, 87852G, 2013 |
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Proc. SPIE 8785 |
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8785 |
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*Lighting; LED; light emitting diode; outdoor lighting; artificial light at night; lighting policy; solid-state lighting; blue light |
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Public and private lighting account for a relevant share of the overall electric power consumption worldwide. The pressing need of reducing the carbon dioxide emissions as well as of lowering the lumen•hour price tag has fostered the search for alternative lighting technologies to substitute for the incandescent and gas-discharge based lamps. The most successful approach to date, solid-state lighting, is already finding its way into the public lighting market, very often helped by substantial public investments and support. LED-based sources have distinct advantages: under controlled conditions their efficacy equals or surpasses that of conventional solutions, their small source size allows for an efficient collimation of the lightbeam (delivering the photons where they are actually needed and reducing lightspill on the surrounding areas), and they can be switched and/or dimmed on demand at very high rates, thus allowing for a tailored schedule of lighting. However, energy savings and carbon dioxide reduction are not the only crucial issues faced by present day lighting. A growing body of research has shown the significance of the spectral composition of light when it comes to assess the detrimental effects of artificial light-at-night (ALAN). The potential ALAN blueshift associated to the deployment of LED-based lighting systems has raised sensible concerns about its scientific, cultural, ecological and public health consequences, which can be further amplified if an increased light consumption is produced due to the rebound effect. This contribution addresses some of the challenges that these issues pose to the Optics and Photonics community. |
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Univ. de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; salva.bara@usc.es |
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SPIE |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1135 |
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Author |
Bickenbach, F. |
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Title |
Night Lights and Regional |
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2014 |
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Kiel Institute for the World Economy |
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IFW |
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1888 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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996 |
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Fulop, P.; Hanuliak, P.; Mankova, L. |
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Title |
Case Study of Light Pollution in Urbanized Area of Slovakia |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Advanced Materials Research |
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Amr |
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899 |
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277-282 |
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Keywords |
Slovakia; light pollution; light at night; public policy |
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This paper deals with the problem of light pollution and its potential impact on human body. Loss of darkness during the night has a negative effect on the environment, animals, plants and humans. Concerning humans, the light during the night can lead to desynchronization of circadian rhythms with subsequent lower production of sleeping hormone called melatonin. In addition to the negative impact on organisms, there is also economical effect of wastage of lighting during the night. Pollution caused by the occurrence of light during the night is relatively new term, which has been perceived very roughly so far. That is probably the reason, why Slovak legislation deals with this problem very roughly. Some limitation levels of illuminance of billboards were stated, but the legislation doesn ́t deal with the effect of the occurrence of higly influential light during the night on people at their homes. |
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1662-8985 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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325 |
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