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| Author | Grove, L. | ||||
| Title | Reducing Acadia's Light Pollution | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal  |
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| Keywords | Conservation; Society; Economics; Acadia National Park; Maine; benefit cost analysis; astrotourism; contingent valuation method; dark sky places; dark sky park | ||||
| Abstract | Acadia National Park is among the most visited national parks in the United States, attracting millions of people per year. Thousands of those visitors come to the park for “astro-tourism,” as Acadia has become one of the premier stargazing locations on the east coast. There remains, however, the continued threat from light pollution from the surrounding communities that negatively affects Acadia's darkness, contributing to a lesser visitor experience and potentially harming native ecosystems. Although park management and community organizations have engaged in significant efforts to decrease Acadia's nighttime light levels and raise awareness among visitors and locals regarding the importance of darkness, the park still seek to continue to decrease light pollution. This report developed policy options that could help solve the long-term policy goal of decreasing nighttime lighting levels within and around Acadia while also using the International Dark-Sky Association's Dark-Sky Park designation requirements as a reasonable, short-term policy benchmark. Working within existing organizations, the policy options crafted to address Acadia’s nighttime lighting levels were analyzed both qualitatively through a criteria evaluation and quantitatively through a Benefit Cost Analysis. The options included 1) the formation of a Darkness Coalition within the League of Towns, 2) a reimagining of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute Dark-Sky Project into the Dark-Sky Taskforce, 3) the creation of a Lighting Consultant position paid through the Friends of Acadia Wild Acadia initiative, and 4) the combination of Coalition and the Taskforce into the League of Towns – Dark-Sky Partnership (LOT-DSP). The report recommends the adoption of Option 4 – the creation of the LOT – DSP. While this option does not provide the greatest estimated monetary net value compared to the Status Quo in the quantitative evaluation, it still provides an estimated benefit of about $105 million over the course of five years and is the strongest option in the qualitative analysis. The LOT – DSP provides the best opportunity for Acadia to achieve legitimate and long-lasting nighttime light level reduction. |
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| Address | Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy, Garrett Hall, 235 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400893, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4893 USA; locher.grove(at)gmail.com | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | Master's thesis | |||
| Publisher | University of Virginia | Place of Publication | Charlottesville | Editor | |
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ john @ | Serial | 1449 | ||
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| Author | Scheffler, T.; Kyba, C.C.M. | ||||
| Title | Measuring Social Jetlag in Twitter Data | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Proceedings of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2016) | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | 675-678 | ||
| Keywords | Human Health; Sunlight; Society | ||||
| Abstract | Social constraints have replaced the natural cycle of light and darkness as the main determinant of wake-up and activity times for many people. In this paper we show how Twitter activity can be used as a source of large-scale, naturally occurring data for the study of circadian rhythm in humans. Our year-long initial study is based on almost 1.5 million observations by over 200,000 users. The progression of the onset of Twitter activity times on free days in the course of the year is consistent with previous survey-based research on wake times. We show that the difference in wake-up time (implicating lack of sleep) on weekdays compared to Sundays is between 1 hour and over 2 hours depending on the time of year. The data also supports the assertion that Daylight Saving Time greatly disrupts the easing of social jetlag in the Spring transition. |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | ICWSM 2016 | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ kyba @ | Serial | 1453 | ||
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| Author | Campaign to Protect Rural England | ||||
| Title | Night Blight: Mapping England’s light pollution and dark skies | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Skyglow; Remote Sensing; Artificial light at night; United Kingdom; Great Britain | ||||
| Abstract | We can now present the most accurate ever picture of how much light is spilling up into Britain’s night skies. Detailed interactive maps have been created for England showing districts, counties, National Parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs) and, at a wider scale, National Character Areas. Besides these, there are high-level maps available for Scotland and Wales, so that we can now present the most accurate ever picture of how much light is spilling up into Britain’s night sky. |
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| Address | Campaign to Protect Rural England, 5-11 Lavington Street, London SE1 0NZ, United Kingdom; info(at)cpre.org.uk | ||||
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| Publisher | Campaign to Protect Rural England | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ john @ | Serial | 1468 | ||
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| Author | Schroer, S.; Hölker, F. | ||||
| Title | Impact of Lighting on Flora and Fauna | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Handbook of Advanced Lighting Technology | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-33 | ||
| Keywords | Ecology; Lighting; Artificial light at night; ALAN; Plants; Animals; review | ||||
| Abstract | Technology, especially artificial light at night (ALAN), often has unexpected impacts on the environment. This chapter addresses both the perception of light by various organisms and the impact of ALAN on flora and fauna. The responses to ALAN are subdivided into the effects of light intensity, color spectra, and duration and timing of illumination. The ways organisms perceive light can be as variable as the habitats they live in. ALAN often interferes with natural light information. It is rarely neutral and has significant impacts beyond human perception. For example, UV light reflection of generative plant parts or the direction of light is used by many organisms as information for foraging, finding spawning sites, or communication. Contemporary outdoor lighting often lacks sustainable planning, even though the protection of species, habitat, and human well-being could be improved by adopting simple technical measures. The increasing use of ALAN with high intensities in the blue part of the spectrum, e.g., fluorescent light and LEDs, is discussed as a critical trend. Blue light is a major circadian signal in higher vertebrates and can substantially impact the orientation of organisms such as numerous insect species. A better understanding of how various types and sources of artificial light, and how organisms perceive ALAN, will be an important step towards more sustainable lighting. Such knowledge is the basis for sustainable lighting planning and the development of solutions to protect biodiversity from the effects of outdoor lighting. Maps that describe the rapid changes in ALAN are urgently needed. In addition, measures are required to reduce the increasing use and intensity of ALAN in more remote areas as signaling thresholds in flora and fauna at night are often close to moonlight intensity and far below streetlight levels. | ||||
| Address | Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany; schroer(at)igb-berlin.de | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | English | Original Title | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-319-00295-8 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ john @ | Serial | 1470 | ||
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| Author | Schroer, S.; Hölker F.; Corcho, O. | ||||
| Title | The impact of citizen science on research about artificial light at night | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Environmental Scientist | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 25 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 18-24 |
| Keywords | citizen science; light pollution research | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | LoNNe @ schroer @ | Serial | 1571 | ||
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