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Zielinska-Dabkowska, K.M. |
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Title |
Night in a big city. Light festivals as a creative medium used at night and their impact on the authority, significance and prestige of a city |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2016 |
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The Role of Cultural Institutions and Events in the Marketing of Cities and Regions |
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63–90 |
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Lighting; Society |
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Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
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Łódz, Poland |
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Domanski, T. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2933 |
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Author |
Brüning A., Hölker, F., Franke, S., Preuer, T., Kloas, W. |
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Title |
Impact of different colours of artificial light at night on melatonin rhythm and gene expression of gonadotropins in European perch |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Science of The Total Environment |
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543 |
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214-222 |
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Animals |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1294 |
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Author |
Seltmann, S.; Trost, L.; Ter Maat, A.; Gahr, M. |
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Title |
Natural melatonin fluctuation and its minimally invasive simulation in the zebra finch |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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PeerJ |
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4 |
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e1939 |
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Animals |
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Melatonin is a key hormone in the regulation of circadian rhythms of vertebrates, including songbirds. Understanding diurnal melatonin fluctuations and being able to reverse or simulate natural melatonin levels are critical to investigating the influence of melatonin on various behaviors such as singing in birds. Here we give a detailed overview of natural fluctuations in plasma melatonin concentration throughout the night in the zebra finch. As shown in previous studies, we confirm that “lights off†initiates melatonin production at night in a natural situation. Notably, we find that melatonin levels return to daytime levels as early as two hours prior to the end of the dark-phase in some individuals and 30 min before “lights on†in all animals, suggesting that the presence of light in the morning is not essential for cessation of melatonin production in zebra finches. Thus, the duration of melatonin production seems not to be specified by the length of night and might therefore be less likely to directly couple circadian and annual rhythms. Additionally, we show that natural melatonin levels can be successfully simulated through a combination of light-treatment (daytime levels during subjective night) and the application of melatonin containing skin-cream (nighttime levels during subjective day). Moreover, natural levels and their fluctuation in the transition from day to night can be imitated, enabling the decoupling of the effects of melatonin, for example on neuronal activity, from sleep and circadian rhythmicity. Taken together, our high-resolution profile of natural melatonin levels and manipulation techniques open up new possibilities to answer various melatonin related questions in songbirds. |
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2167-8359 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1425 |
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van Schalkwyk, I.; Venkataraman, N.; Shankar, V.; Milton, J.; Bailey, T.; Calais, K. |
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Title |
Evaluation of the Safety Performance of Continuous Mainline Roadway Lighting on Freeway Segments in Washington State |
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Report |
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2016 |
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Public Safety; traffic; traffic safety; road safety; continuous roadway lighting; Washington; United States |
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Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) evaluated continuous roadway lighting on mainline freeway segments in Washington State. An extensive literature review on the safety performance of roadway lighting was completed. As part of this research effort WSDOT developed multivariate random parameter (RP) models with specific lighting variables for continuous lighting on mainline freeway segments. Roadway lighting is often used as a countermeasure to address nighttime crashes and this research evaluates common assumption related to roadway lighting. The models developed for this research use crashes from the end of civil dusk twilight to the start of civil dawn twilight since lighting systems are of limited value outside these timeframes. Natural light conditions were estimated for crashes based on location and time of the crash event. Based on the RP results, the research team concludes that the contribution of continuous illumination to nighttime crash reduction is negligible. In addition to the findings on safety performance, a pilot LED project on US101 demonstrated that LED roadway lighting can significantly increase energy efficiency and environmental stewardship (e.g., reducing greenhouse gas emissions) while maintaining safety performance outcomes. The research team recommended modification to WSDOT design policy, including removal of the requirement of continuous mainline lighting and reduction of lighting where segment specific analysis indicates appropriate. |
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Washington State Department of Transportation 310 Maple Park Ave SE, Olympia, WA, USA |
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Washington State Department of Transportation |
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English |
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WSDOT Research Report |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1427 |
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Ceola, S.; Montanari, A.; Parajka, J.; Viglione, A.; Blöschl, G.; Laio, F. |
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Title |
Human signatures derived from nighttime lights along the Eastern Alpine river network in Austria and Italy |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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Remote Sensing; Society; nightlights; human presence; river network; Strahler order; DMSP-OLS; OLS; DMSP-OLS; Austria; Italy; Eastern Alpine |
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Understanding how human settlements and economic activities are distributed with reference to the geographical location of streams and rivers is of fundamental relevance for several issues, such as flood risk management, drought management related to increased water demands by human population, fluvial ecosystem services, water pollution and water exploitation. Besides the spatial distribution, the evolution in time of the human presence constitutes an additional key question. This work aims at understanding and analysing the spatial and temporal evolution of human settlements and associated economic activity, derived from nighttime lights, in the Eastern Alpine region. Nightlights, available at a fine spatial resolution and for a 22-year period, constitute an
excellent data base, which allows one to explore in details human signatures. In this experiment, nightlights are associated to five distinct distance-from-river classes. Our results clearly point out an overall enhancement of human presence across the considered distance classes during the last 22 years, though presenting some differences among the study regions. In particular, the river network delineation, by considering different groups of river pixels based on the Strahler order, is found to play a central role in the identification of nightlight spatio-temporal trends. |
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Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy |
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International Association of Hydrological Sciences |
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English |
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English |
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7th International Water Resources Management Conference of ICWRS, 18–20 May 2016, Bochum, Germany |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1432 |
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