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Qiu, S.; Shao, X.; Cao, C.; Uprety, S. |
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Title |
Feasibility demonstration for calibrating Suomi-National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite day/night band using Dome C and Greenland under moon light |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Applied Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Remote Sens |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
016024 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Instrumentation |
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Abstract |
The day/night band (DNB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP) represents a major advancement in night time imaging capabilities. DNB covers almost seven orders of magnitude in its dynamic range from full sunlight to half-moon. To achieve this large dynamic range, it uses four charge-coupled device arrays in three gain stages. The low gain stage (LGS) gain is calibrated using the solar diffuser. In operations, the medium and high gain stage values are determined by multiplying the gain ratios between the medium gain stage, and LGS, and high gain stage (HGS) and LGS, respectively. This paper focuses on independently verifying the radiometric accuracy and stability of DNB HGS using DNB observations of ground vicarious calibration sites under lunar illumination at night. Dome C in Antarctica in the southern hemisphere and Greenland in the northern hemisphere are chosen as the vicarious calibration sites. Nadir observations of these high latitude regions by VIIRS are selected during perpetual night season, i.e., from April to August for Dome C and from November to January for Greenland over the years 2012 to 2013. Additional selection criteria, such as lunar phase being more than half-moon and no influence of straylight effects, are also applied in data selection. The lunar spectral irradiance model, as a function of Sun–Earth–Moon distances and lunar phase, is used to determine the top-of-atmosphere reflectance at the vicarious site. The vicariously derived long-term reflectance from DNB observations agrees with the reflectance derived from Hyperion observations. The vicarious trending of DNB radiometric performance using DOME-C and Greenland under moon light shows that the DNB HGS radiometric variability (relative accuracy to lunar irradiance model and Hyperion observation) is within 8%. Residual variability is also discussed. |
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1931-3195 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1372 |
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Li, C.; Hsu, N.C.; Sayer, A.M.; Krotkov, N.A.; Fu, J.S.; Lamsal, L.N.; Lee, J.; Tsay, S.-C. |
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Title |
Satellite observation of pollutant emissions from gas flaring activities near the Arctic |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Atmospheric Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmospheric Environment |
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Volume |
133 |
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1-11 |
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Remote Sensing |
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1352-2310 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1373 |
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Kolláth, Z.; Dömény, A.; Kolláth, K.; Nagy, B. |
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Qualifying lighting remodelling in a Hungarian city based on light pollution effects |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
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181 |
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46-51 |
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Skyglow; Lighting |
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The public lighting system has been remodelled in several Hungarian cities. In some cases the majority of the old luminaries were fitted with high pressure sodium lamps and they were replaced with white LED lighting with a typical correlated colour temperature of about 4500 K. Therefore, these remodelling works provide a testbed for methods in measurements and modelling. We measured the luminance of the light domes of selected cities by DSLR photometry before and after the remodelling.
Thanks to the full cut off design of the new lighting fixtures we obtained a slight decrease even in the blue part of the sky dome spectra of a tested city. However, we have to note that this positive change is the result of the bad geometry (large ULR) of the previous lighting system. Based on Monte Carlo radiative transfer calculations we provide a comparison of different indicators that can be used to qualify the remodelling, and to predict the possible changes in light pollution. |
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0022-4073 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @; GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1375 |
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Hüppop, O.; Hüppop, K.; Dierschke, J.; Hill, R. |
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Title |
Bird collisions at an offshore platform in the North Sea |
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2016 |
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Bird Study |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bird Study |
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63 |
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1 |
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73-82 |
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Animals; Ecology |
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Abstract |
Capsule Collisions with offshore structures in the North Sea could account for the mortality of hundreds of thousands of nocturnally migrating birds.
Aims To assess, for the first time, the circumstances of mass fatalities at an offshore structure, including the species involved, their numbers, ages, body conditions and injuries.
Methods At an unmanned tall offshore research platform in the southeastern North Sea, bird corpses were collected on 160 visiting days from October 2003 to December 2007. Corpses were identified to species and kinds of injury, ages, and fat and muscle scores were determined. Nocturnal bird calls were recorded, identified to species and quantified. Local and large-scale weather parameters were also considered.
Results A total of 767 birds of 34 species, mainly thrushes, European Starlings and other passerines, were found at 45 visits. Most carcasses were in good body condition and young birds were not more affected than adults. Three quarters of 563 examined individuals had collision induced injuries. Birds in poor body condition were less likely to be collision victims than those in good condition. Mass collision events at the illuminated offshore structure coincided with increasingly adverse weather conditions and an increasing call intensity of nocturnal birds.
Conclusions Assuming an average of 150 dead birds per year at this single offshore structure and additionally assuming that a considerable proportion of the corpses were not found, we estimate that mortality at the 1000 + human structures in the North Sea could reach hundreds of thousands of birds. Since offshore industrialization will progress and collision numbers at offshore turbines will consequently increase considerably, we recommend reinforced measures to reduce bird strikes at offshore structures, especially in the light of substantial declines in some migrant species. |
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0006-3657 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1377 |
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Author |
Lee, S.; Cao, C. |
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Title |
Soumi NPP VIIRS Day/Night Band Stray Light Characterization and Correction Using Calibration View Data |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
138 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation |
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The Soumi NPP VIIRS Day/Night Band (DNB) nighttime imagery quality is affected by stray light contamination. In this study, we examined the relationship between the Earth scene stray light and the signals in VIIRS’s calibrators to better understand stray light characteristics and to improve upon the current correction method. Our analyses showed the calibrator signal to be highly predictive of Earth scene stray light and can provide additional stray light characteristics that are difficult to obtain from Earth scene data alone. In the current stray light correction regions (mid-to-high latitude), the stray light onset angles can be tracked by calibration view data to reduce correction biases. In the southern hemisphere, it is possible to identify the angular extent of the additional stray light feature in the calibration view data and develop a revised correction method to remove the additional stray light occurring during the southern hemisphere springtime. Outside of current stray light correction region, the analysis of calibration view data indicated occasional stray light contamination at low latitude and possible background biases caused by Moon illumination. As stray light affects a significant portion of nighttime scenes, further refinement in characterization and correction is important to ensure VIIRS DNB imagery quality for Soumi NPP and future missions. |
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2072-4292 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1378 |
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