| Records |
| Author |
Brüning A., Hölker, F., Franke, S., Preuer, T., Kloas, W. |
| Title |
Impact of different colours of artificial light at night on melatonin rhythm and gene expression of gonadotropins in European perch |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
543 |
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Pages |
214-222 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1294 |
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| Author |
Xiaolong, G.; Mo, Z.; Xian, L.; Ce, S.; Changbin, S.; Ying, L. |
| Title |
Effects of LED light quality on the growth, metabolism, and energy budgets of Haliotis discus discus |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Aquaculture |
Abbreviated Journal |
Aquaculture |
| Volume |
453 |
Issue |
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Pages |
31-39 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Abalone; LED; Metabolism; Energy budgets; Haliotis discus; Haliotis discus discus; Photobiology |
| Abstract |
In this study, a bioenergetics approach was used to examine the effects of different LED light qualities (red, orange, blue, green light, natural light and a dark setting) on the growth and survival of the abalone Haliotis discus discus, and its physiological response mechanism under different light qualities. The results suggest that under blue or green light, the survival rate, specific growth rate, food intake, and food conversion efficiency of H. d. discus were significantly lower than in those groups under red or orange light (P < 0.05). Under red or orange light, pepsin, amylase and cellulose activity was significantly higher than those in any other light quality group (P < 0.05), whereas lipase activity exhibited no significant difference among the light quality groups (P > 0.05). Under blue or green light, lactate dehydrogenase activity and lactic acid content were higher (P < 0.05), suggesting enhanced anaerobic metabolism. Under blue or green light, H. d. discus lost more energy via excretion, feces and respiration than was acquired from its food. Under red or orange light, H. d. discus acquired more energy from its food and lost less energy via excretion and feces; as a result, its assimilation efficiency (K1) and net growth efficiency (K2) were significantly higher than those of any other group (P < 0.05). Therefore, we suggest that red or orange light should be used as a light source for the aquaculture of H. d. discus. |
| Address |
Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0044-8486 |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1311 |
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Jiang, J.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Tian, G. |
| Title |
Estimating nitrogen oxides emissions at city scale in China with a nightlight remote sensing model |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
The Science of the Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Total Environ |
| Volume |
544 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1119-1127 |
| Keywords |
Remote sensing |
| Abstract |
Increasing nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions over the fast developing regions have been of great concern due to their critical associations with the aggravated haze and climate change. However, little geographically specific data exists for estimating spatio-temporal trends of NOx emissions. In order to quantify the spatial and temporal variations of NOx emissions, a spatially explicit approach based on the continuous satellite observations of artificial nighttime stable lights (NSLs) from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) was developed to estimate NOx emissions from the largest emission source of fossil fuel combustion. The NSL based model was established with three types of data including satellite data of nighttime stable lights, geographical data of administrative boundaries, and provincial energy consumptions in China, where a significant growth of NOx emission has experienced during three policy stages corresponding to the 9th-11th Five-Year Plan (FYP, 1995-2010). The estimated national NOx emissions increased by 8.2% per year during the study period, and the total annual NOx emissions in China estimated by the NSL-based model were approximately 4.1%-13.8% higher than the previous estimates. The spatio-temporal variations of NOx emissions at city scale were then evaluated by the Moran's I indices. The global Moran's I indices for measuring spatial agglomerations of China's NOx emission increased by 50.7% during 1995-2010. Although the inland cities have shown larger contribution to the emission growth than the more developed coastal cities since 2005, the High-High clusters of NOx emission located in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta should still be the major focus of NOx mitigation. Our results indicate that the readily available DMSP/OLS nighttime stable lights based model could be an easily accessible and effective tool for achieving strategic decision making toward NOx reduction. |
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College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China |
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English |
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0048-9697 |
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PMID:26779958 |
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no |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1335 |
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Smolka, J.; Baird, E.; el Jundi, B.; Reber, T.; Byrne, M.J.; Dacke, M. |
| Title |
Night sky orientation with diurnal and nocturnal eyes: dim-light adaptations are critical when the moon is out of sight |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Animal Behaviour |
| Volume |
111 |
Issue |
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Pages |
127-146 |
| Keywords |
Animals; dung beetle; insect; Milky Way; nocturnal adaptation; polarized moonlight; sky compass; straight-line orientation; vision; Scarabaeus; Scarabaeus lamarcki; Scarabaeus satyrus |
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The visual systems of many animals feature energetically costly specializations to enable them to function in dim light. It is often unclear, however, how large the behavioural benefit of these specializations is, because a direct comparison in a behaviourally relevant task between closely related day- and night-active species is not usually possible. Here we compared the orientation performance of diurnal and nocturnal species of dung beetles, Scarabaeus (Kheper) lamarcki and Scarabaeus satyrus, respectively, attempting to roll dung balls along straight paths both during the day and at night. Using video tracking, we quantified the straightness of paths and the repeatability of roll bearings as beetles exited a flat arena in their natural habitat or under controlled conditions indoors. Both species oriented equally well when either the moon or an artificial point light source was available, but when the view of the moon was blocked and only wide-field cues such as the lunar polarization pattern or the stars were available for orientation, nocturnal beetles were oriented substantially better. We found no evidence that ball-rolling speed changed with light level, which suggests little or no temporal summation in the visual system. Finally, we found that both diurnal and nocturnal beetles tended to choose bearings that led them towards a bright light source, but away from a dim one. Our results show that even diurnal insects, at least those with superposition eyes, could orient by the light of the moon, but that dim-light adaptations are needed for precise orientation when the moon is not visible. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, Lund University, Biology Building, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; jochen.smolka(at)biol.lu.se |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0003-3472 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1317 |
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Zamorano, J.; Sánchez de Miguel, A.; Ocaña, F.; Pila-Diez, B.; Gómez Castaño, J.; Pascual, S.; Tapia, C.; Gallego, J.; Fernandez, A.; Nievas, M. |
| Title |
Testing sky brightness models against radial dependency: a dense two dimensional survey around the city of Madrid, Spain |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
Abbreviated Journal |
JQSRT |
| Volume |
181 |
Issue |
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Pages |
52-66 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow; measurements; light pollution; artificial light at night; modeling; Madrid; Spain |
| Abstract |
We present a study of the night sky brightness around the extended metropolitan area of Madrid using Sky Quality Meter (SQM) photometers. The map is the first to cover the spatial distribution of the sky brightness in the center of the Iberian peninsula. These surveys are neccessary to test the light pollution models that predict night sky brightness as a function of the location and brightness of the sources of light pollution and the scattering of light in the atmosphere. We describe the data-retrieval methodology, which includes an automated procedure to measure from a moving vehicle in order to speed up the data collection, providing a denser and wider survey than previous works with similar time frames. We compare the night sky brightness map to the nocturnal radiance measured from space by the DMSP satellite. We find that i) a single source model is not enough to explain the radial evolution of the night sky brightness, despite the predominance of Madrid in size and population, and ii) that the orography of the region should be taken into account when deriving geo-specific models from general first-principles models. We show the tight relationship between these two luminance measures. This finding sets up an alternative roadmap to extended studies over the globe that will not require the local deployment of photometers or trained personnel. |
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Dept. Astrof´ısica y CC. de la Atm´osfera, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1323 |
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