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Jean, N.; Burke, M.; Xie, M.; Davis, W.M.; Lobell, D.B.; Ermon, S. |
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Combining satellite imagery and machine learning to predict poverty |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
353 |
Issue |
6301 |
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790-794 |
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Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
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Nighttime lighting is a rough proxy for economic wealth, and nighttime maps of the world show that many developing countries are sparsely illuminated. Jean et al. combined nighttime maps with high-resolution daytime satellite images (see the Perspective by Blumenstock). With a bit of machine-learning wizardry, the combined images can be converted into accurate estimates of household consumption and assets, both of which are hard to measure in poorer countries. Furthermore, the night- and day-time data are publicly available and nonproprietary. |
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0036-8075 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1507 |
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Jing, X.; Shao, X.; Cao, C.; Fu, X.; Yan, L. |
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Title |
Comparison between the Suomi-NPP Day-Night Band and DMSP-OLS for Correlating Socio-Economic Variables at the Provincial Level in China |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing |
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8 |
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1 |
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17 |
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Remote Sensing; Economics |
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2072-4292 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1343 |
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Foster, J.G.; Algera, D.A.; Brownscombe, J.W.; Zolderdo, A.J.; Cooke, S.J. |
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Title |
Consequences of Different Types of Littoral Zone Light Pollution on the Parental Care Behaviour of a Freshwater Teleost Fish |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Water, Air, & Soil Pollution |
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Water Air Soil Pollut |
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227 |
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11 |
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Animals |
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Ecological light pollution occurs when artificial lights disrupt the natural regimes of individual organisms or their ecosystems. Increasing development of shoreline habitats leads to increased light pollution (e.g., from cottages, docks, automobile traffic), which could impact the ecology of littoral zones of lakes and rivers. Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) engage in sole paternal care, guarding their nest continually, day and night, to protect their developing offspring. Any alterations to their behaviour—either directly because of the response to light or indirectly due to changes in nest predator activity and associated response of the bass—could lead to increased energetic demands for fish that have a fixed energy budget and ultimately reduce reproductive success. To examine this issue, tri-axial accelerometer biologgers were externally attached to nesting smallmouth bass during the egg stage to determine whether light pollution (i.e., dock lights with low levels of continuous light and spotlights with high intensity irregular light simulating automobile traffic) altered behaviour of nesting males relative to control fish. Our study revealed that both types of light pollution increased overall bass activity level compared with the control group. The intermittent light treatment group had the highest activity and exhibited large fluctuations between night and day activity levels. Fish in the continual light treatment group displayed statistically higher activity than the control fish but showed limited fluctuations between day and night activity levels. Our results suggest that continuous or intermittent light sources, common in shoreline habitats that have been developed, have the potential to alter the behaviour and thus energy use of nest-guarding fish. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the ecological consequences of light pollution in aquatic ecosystems. |
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0049-6979 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1545 |
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Farnworth, B.; Innes, J.; Waas, J.R. |
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Title |
Converting Predation Cues into Conservation Tools: The Effect of Light on Mouse Foraging Behaviour |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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PloS one |
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PLoS One |
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11 |
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1 |
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e0145432 |
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Animals |
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Prey face a conflict between acquiring energy and avoiding predators and use both direct and indirect cues to assess predation risk. Illumination, an indirect cue, influences nocturnal rodent foraging behaviour. New Zealand holds no native rodent species but has introduced mice (Mus musculus) that severely impair native biodiversity. We used Giving-Up Densities (GUDs) and observations of foraging frequency and duration to assess if artificial light induces risk avoidance behaviour in mice and could limit their activity. We found both captive (wild strain) mice in outdoor pens and wild mice within a pest fenced sanctuary (Maungatautari, New Zealand) displayed avoidance behaviour in response to illumination. In captivity, total foraging effort was similar across lit and unlit pens but mice displayed a strong preference for removing seeds from dark control areas (mean: 15.33 SD: +/-11.64 per 3.5 hours) over illuminated areas (2.00 +/-3.44). Wild mice also removed fewer seeds from illuminated areas (0.42 +/-1.00 per 12 hours) compared to controls (6.67 +/-9.20). Captive mice spent less than 1.0% of available time at illuminated areas, versus 11.3% at controls; visited the lit areas less than control areas (12.00 +/- 9.77 versus 29.00 +/-21.58 visits respectively); and spent less time per visit at illuminated versus control areas (8.17 +/-7.83 versus 44.83 +/-87.52 seconds per visit respectively). Illumination could provide protection at ecologically sensitive sites, damaged exclusion fences awaiting repair, fence terminus zones of peninsula sanctuaries and shipping docks that service offshore islands. We promote the hypothesis that the tendency of mice to avoid illumination could be a useful conservation tool, and advance knowledge of risk assessment and foraging under perceived danger. |
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University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand |
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English |
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1932-6203 |
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PMID:26760039 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1339 |
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Cao, Z.; Wu, Z.; Kuang, Y.; Huang, N.; Wang, M. |
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Coupling an Intercalibration of Radiance-Calibrated Nighttime Light Images and Land Use/Cover Data for Modeling and Analyzing the Distribution of GDP in Guangdong, China |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
Publication |
Sustainability |
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Sustainability |
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8 |
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2 |
Pages |
108 |
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Remote Sensing |
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2071-1050 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1379 |
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