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Scheffler, T.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Title |
Measuring Social Jetlag in Twitter Data |
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2016 |
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Proceedings of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2016) |
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675-678 |
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Human Health; Sunlight; Society |
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Social constraints have replaced the natural cycle of light and darkness as the main determinant of wake-up and activity times for many people. In this paper we show how Twitter activity can be used as a source of large-scale, naturally occurring data for the study of circadian rhythm in humans. Our year-long initial study is based on almost 1.5 million observations by over 200,000 users. The progression of the onset of Twitter activity times on free days in the course of the year is consistent with previous survey-based research on wake
times. We show that the difference in wake-up time (implicating lack of sleep) on weekdays compared to Sundays is between 1 hour and over 2 hours depending on the time of year. The data also supports the assertion that Daylight Saving Time greatly disrupts the easing of social jetlag in the Spring transition. |
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ICWSM 2016 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1453 |
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Chen, H.; Sun, C.; Chen, X.; Chiang, K.; Xiong, X. |
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Title |
On-orbit calibration and performance of S-NPP VIIRS DNB |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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Proc. SPIE 9881, Earth Observing Missions and Sensors: Development, Implementation, and Characterization IV, 98812B (May 2, 2016) |
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Proc. SPIE 9881 |
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Remote Sensing; VIIRS, Suomi; VIIRS DNB; day-night band; calibration; Land Science Investigator-led Processing Systems; SIPS; Orbital dynamics; Sensors; Stray light; Contamination; Diffusers; Earth sciences; Equipment and services |
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The S-NPP VIIRS instrument has successfully operated since its launch in October 2011. The VIIRS Day-Night Band (DNB) is a panchromatic channel covering wavelengths from 0.5 to 0.9 μm that is capable of observing Earth scenes during both day and nighttime orbits at a spatial resolution of 750 m. To cover the large dynamic range, the DNB operates at low, mid, or high gain stages, and it uses an onboard solar diffuser (SD) for its low gain stage calibration. The SD observations also provide a means to compute gain ratios of low-to-mid and mid-to-high gain stages. This paper describes the DNB on-orbit calibration methodologies used by the VIIRS Characterization Support Team (VCST) in supporting the NASA earth science community with consistent VIIRS sensor data records (SDRs) made available by the Land Science Investigator-led Processing Systems (SIPS). It provides an assessment and update of DNB on-orbit performance, including the SD degradation in the DNB spectral range, detector gain and gain ratio trending, stray light contamination and its correction. Also presented in this paper are performance validations based on earth scenes and lunar observations. |
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Science Systems and Applications, Inc. |
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SPIE |
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English |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1473 |
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Allik, T.; Ramboyong, L.; Roberts, M.; Walters, M.; Soyka, T.; Dixon, R.; Cho, J. |
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Enhanced oil spill detection sensors in low-light environments |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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Proc. SPIE 9827, Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VIII, 98270B (May 17, 2016) |
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Proc. SPIE 9827 |
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Instrumentation; Sensors; Cameras; Long wavelength infrared; Short wave infrared radiation; Spectroscopy; Calibration; Remote sensing; Water; Near infrared; Night vision |
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Although advances have been made in oil spill remote detection, many electro-optic sensors do not provide real-time images, do not work well under degraded visual environments, nor provide a measure of extreme oil thickness in marine environments. A joint program now exists between BSEE and NVESD that addresses these capability gaps in remote sensing of oil spills. Laboratory experiments, calibration techniques, and field tests were performed at Fort Belvoir, Virginia; Santa Barbara, California; and the Ohmsett Test Facility in Leonardo, New Jersey. Weathered crude oils were studied spectroscopically and characterized with LWIR, and low-light-level visible/NIR, and SWIR cameras. We designed and fabricated an oil emulsion thickness calibration cell for spectroscopic analysis and ground truth, field measurements. Digital night vision cameras provided real-time, wide-dynamic-range imagery, and were able to detect and recognize oil from full sun to partial moon light. The LWIR camera provided quantitative oil analysis (identification) for >1 mm thick crude oils both day and night. Two filtered, co-registered, SWIR cameras were used to determine whether oil thickness could be measured in real time. Spectroscopic results revealed that oil emulsions vary with location and weathered state and some oils (e.g., ANS and Santa Barbara seeps) do not show the spectral rich features from archived Deep Water Horizon hyperspectral data. Multi-sensor imagery collected during the 2015 USCG Airborne Oil Spill Remote Sensing and Reporting Exercise and the design of a compact, multiband imager are discussed. |
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Active EO Inc. |
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SPIE |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1475 |
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Schroer, S.; Felsmann, K.; Hölker, F.; Mummert, S.; Monaghan, M.T.; Wurzbacher, C.; Premke, K. |
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The impact of outdoor lighting on ecosystem function – gaining information with a Citizen Science approach using a questionnaire |
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2016 |
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Austrian Citizen Science Conference |
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8-13 |
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citizen science; mapping |
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Frontiers |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1572 |
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Hölker, Andreas; Doulos, Lambros; Schroer, Sibylle; Topalis, Frangiskos |
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Title |
Sustainable outdoor lighting for reducing energy and light waste |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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9th International Conference Improving Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings and Smart Communities |
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202-213 |
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lighting design; lighting technology; light pollution |
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The lack of lighting planning for internal and external illumination of buildings contributes to wasting energy and to the issue of light pollution. This will be demonstrated with research from the ground and by analysis of images, taken with detectors on satellites, the International Space Station or planes. Besides large area floodlighting from airports or sports facilities, facade illumination is the most important contributor. The effects of malpractice versus sustainable lighting planning solutions will be demonstrated with some examples in cities like Bonn, Strasbourg, Athens and Thessaloniki. Further examples in the countryside will demonstrate lighting practice in the German star park Biosphere Reserve Rhön. Facade lighting planning, considering optimal alignment, the intensity and the colour quality of the illumination, will contribute to reducing light pollution and thus waste of energy and will increase human comfort at the same time.
Experience shows that unilateral promoting energy efficiency will finally result in more extended use of energy, which is known as rebound effect. In addition the small size and long lifetime of the modern solid state lighting will result in an increased use even in remote places thereby emitting more artificial light into the natural night. This does not only affect the energy use, but also the biological rhythms of animals and human beings.
More interdisciplinary criteria for a sustainable lighting with reduced light pollution will be discussed based on the observations including data provided by the EU-network “Loss of the Nightâ€-Network (EU-COST Action ES1204 LoNNe). |
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JRC Confernce and workshop reports |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1573 |
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