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Author |
Scheffler, T.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Title |
Measuring Social Jetlag in Twitter Data |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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Proceedings of the Tenth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM 2016) |
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675-678 |
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Human Health; Sunlight; Society |
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Abstract |
Social constraints have replaced the natural cycle of light and darkness as the main determinant of wake-up and activity times for many people. In this paper we show how Twitter activity can be used as a source of large-scale, naturally occurring data for the study of circadian rhythm in humans. Our year-long initial study is based on almost 1.5 million observations by over 200,000 users. The progression of the onset of Twitter activity times on free days in the course of the year is consistent with previous survey-based research on wake
times. We show that the difference in wake-up time (implicating lack of sleep) on weekdays compared to Sundays is between 1 hour and over 2 hours depending on the time of year. The data also supports the assertion that Daylight Saving Time greatly disrupts the easing of social jetlag in the Spring transition. |
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ICWSM 2016 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1453 |
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Thums, M.; Whiting, S.D.; Reisser, J.; Pendoley, K.L.; Pattiaratchi, C.B.; Proietti, M.; Hetzel, Y.; Fisher, R.; Meekan, M.G. |
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Title |
Artificial light on water attracts turtle hatchlings during their near shore transit |
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2016 |
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Royal Society Open Science |
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R. Soc. open sci. |
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3 |
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5 |
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160142 |
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Animals; acoustic telemetry; in-water movement; VR2W positioning system; green turtle; light pollution; coastal development; Chelonia mydas; ecology; sea turtle |
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We examined the effect of artificial light on the near shore trajectories of turtle hatchlings dispersing from natal beaches. Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings were tagged with miniature acoustic transmitters and their movements tracked within an underwater array of 36 acoustic receivers placed in the near shore zone. A total of 40 hatchlings were tracked, 20 of which were subjected to artificial light during their transit of the array. At the same time, we measured current speed and direction, which were highly variable within and between experimental nights and treatments. Artificial lighting affected hatchling behaviour, with 88% of individual trajectories oriented towards the light and spending, on average, 23% more time in the 2.25 ha tracking array (19.5 ± 5 min) than under ambient light conditions (15.8 ± 5 min). Current speed had little to no effect on the bearing (angular direction) of the hatchling tracks when artificial light was present, but under ambient conditions it influenced the bearing of the tracks when current direction was offshore and above speeds of approximately 32.5 cm s−1. This is the first experimental evidence that wild turtle hatchlings are attracted to artificial light after entering the ocean, a behaviour that is likely to subject them to greater risk of predation. The experimental protocol described in this study can be used to assess the effect of anthropogenic (light pollution, noise, etc.) and natural (wave action, current, wind, moonlight) influences on the in-water movements of sea turtle hatchlings during the early phase of dispersal. |
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Australian Institute of Marine Science c/o The UWA Oceans Institute (MO96), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia |
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Royal Society |
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English |
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2054-5703 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1454 |
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Author |
Hall, A.S. |
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Title |
Acute Artificial Light Diminishes Central Texas Anuran Calling Behavior |
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2016 |
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The American Midland Naturalist |
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Amer. Midland Naturalist |
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175 |
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2 |
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183-193 |
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Animals; frogs; toads; amphibians; anurans; ecology; wildlife; Texas |
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Male anuran (frog and toad) advertisement calls associate with fitness and can respond to environmental cues such as rain and air temperature. Moonlight is thought to generally decrease call behaviors – perhaps as a response to increased perceived risk of predation – and this study sought to determine if artificial lighting produces a similar pattern. Using a handheld spotlight, light was experimentally introduced to natural anuran communities in ponds and streams. Custom call surveys where then used to measure anuran calls in paired unlit and lit conditions at six locations in central Texas. Among seven species heard, the number of frogs calling and call index declined in response to the acute light input. Local weather conditions could not explain differences between numbers of frogs calling between species, sites, survey order, or lighting order suggesting the main effect on number calling was light treatment. It appears acute artificial light alone can change calling behavior within several species in natural, mixed species assemblages. |
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Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019; allopatry(at)gmail.com |
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BioOne |
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English |
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0003-0031 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1455 |
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Author |
Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Title |
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program data should no longer be used for epidemiological studies |
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2016 |
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Chronobiology International |
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Chronobiology International |
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33 |
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8 |
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943-945 |
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Commentary; Human Health; Remote Sensing |
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0742-0528 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1459 |
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Reinberg, A.; Smolensky, M.H.; Touitou, Y. |
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The full moon as a synchronizer of circa-monthly biological rhythms: Chronobiologic perspectives based on multidisciplinary naturalistic research |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Chronobiology International |
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Chronobiol Int |
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33 |
Issue |
5 |
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465-479 |
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Moonlight; Commentary; Animals; Plants; Human Health |
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Biological rhythmicity is presumed to be an advantageous genetic adaptation of fitness and survival value resulting from evolution of life forms in an environment that varies predictably-in-time during the 24 h, month, and year. The 24 h light/dark cycle is the prime synchronizer of circadian periodicities, and its modulation over the course of the year, in terms of daytime photoperiod length, is a prime synchronizer of circannual periodicities. Circadian and circannual rhythms have been the major research focus of most scientists. Circa-monthly rhythms triggered or synchronized by the 29.5 day lunar cycle of nighttime light intensity, or specifically the light of the full moon, although explored in waterborne and certain other species, have received far less study, perhaps because of associations with ancient mythology and/or an attitude naturalistic studies are of lesser merit than ones that entail molecular mechanisms. In this editorial, we cite our recent discovery through multidisciplinary naturalistic investigation of a highly integrated circadian, circa-monthly, and circannual time structure, synchronized by the natural ambient nyctohemeral, lunar, and annual light cycles, of the Peruvian apple cactus (C. peruvianus) flowering and reproductive processes that occur in close temporal coordination with like rhythms of the honey bee as its pollinator. This finding led us to explore the preservation of this integrated biological time structure, synchronized and/or triggered by environmental light cues and cycles, in the reproduction of other species, including Homo sapiens, and how the artificial light environment of today in which humans reside may be negatively affecting human reproduction efficiency. |
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a Unite de Chronobiologie , Fondation A de Rothschild , Paris cedex 19 , France |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:27019304 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1460 |
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